The ranging principle can be conclude as: the time taken by the pulse to be reflected off the target and returned to the sender., together with speed of light c=299792458m/s, and Atmospheric refraction coefficient, Calculated distance D. Since it’s difficult to determine the distance to an object directly, Therefore, distance can be calculated by measuring the phase shift of the modulated laser.,called Phase based laser rangefinder.
　　Measured phase is not refer to the phase of infrared nor laser, but the modulated phase of them. The same theory applied to a kind of Handheld laser rangefinder which used for Building measurement.
　　If the laser is continuous emission, the measurement range can reach up to about 40 km, and can operate day and night. If the laser is pulse emission, generally with less absolute accuracy, but for long-distance measurement, can achieve good relative accuracy.
　　The world's first laser device successfully developed by scientists Maiman of Hughes Aircraft Company in 1960. The U.S. military quickly carried out military laser device research on the basis of it. In 1961, the first military laser rangefinder passed American military demonstration test, this after laser rangefinder quickly come into the utility of the Commonwealth.
　　　　Laser rangefinder with feature of light weighted, small size, simple operation, fast and accurate, the Deviation is only one fifth to hundredth of the other optical rangefinder, thus it is widely used for topographic survey, battlefield measurement, target ranging of tanks, aircraft, warships and artillery, measuring the height of clouds, aircraft, missile ,satellite etc. It is important to improve the accuracy of tanks, aircraft, ships and artillery technology and equipment.
　　Due to the price reduce of laser rangefinder, it generally adopt by industrial field. At home and abroad appeared a number of new miniature rangefinder, with feature of ranging fast, small size, reliable performance,widely used in industrial observe and control, mining, ports and other areas.
　　Categories: One-dimensional laser rangefinder:for distance measurement and positioning; 2D laser rangefinder (Scanning Laser Rangefinder): for contour measurement, positioning, regional monitoring and other fields; 3D laser range finder (3D Laser Range finder) : used in the field of 3D profile measurement, three-dimensional positioning etc.

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